Carbureter.



w.1. CUNNINGHAM.

w CARBURETER.

. APPLlcAnoN FILED Dec. 23. 1314. 1,162,04:1 Patented NOV. 30, 1915.

,20 8 sHEETs-SHEU 1.

W. J. CUNNINGHAM.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION HLED 056.'23. 1914` Patented Nov. 30 1915.

-sHEET 2 'w.1. GUNNINGHAM. CARBUYRETER. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 23. '1914.

1 ,1 62,04 1. I Pafend; Nov. 80, 1915,

3 sHEE'Ts-SHEET 3. 19

i pointed out in theappended cl'aims.

cnn'nunnrnn.

To allfl'whom 'it may cqncern `Be it known that I,W1LL1M J. CuN- N1NGHAM,Va citizen of theUnited States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois; have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Garbureters,.of whichthe following is a speclfication, reference accompanying drawing. w

My invention relates to carbui'eters for internal -combusion engines, and consists of the matters hereinafter describedfzand then In the 'accompanymg drawings w illustrate theI preferred' embodiment of my invention I'ligvlrel 1 is a view partlyin vside elevation and' partly in crosssectional elevation of a carbureter constrncted in Vaccordance with my, linvention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view ofthe parts o fgFig, 1; Fig. 8vis a o longitudi'nal .Vertical sectionalview Fig. 4 is in the carbureter casing,,

i through the Fig; 5 is a sectional Fig. l1; Fig. 6 is a sectlonal view of one'ofthe i lmixing chambers a sectional view `on the line of Eig. 3; view onr the line 5+5 of or tubess and certain of its -associated parts; and Fig.r 7iis a view in rear elev'atio'mf In lthe ldrawiligs'the reference numeral 10 indicates a ,supply 'tank orchamber for the gasolene or other zliquid employed and preferably'adapted -to maintain a 'Constant level of the liquid by anysuitable means as now well understood in the art, and 11 isia supply pipe preferably rectangular in 'cross section extending to the rear. wall 15 v1at approxiand lconnected at onev end to the supply. and at its other end to the carbureting chambers preferably .by means of a seriesv of sprayingi nozzles 12 of suitable 'capacity and arranged inza' bank alongthe bottoml 'of the casing with'their ou'tlets at' approximately, gasolene level inthe tanlgso that theliquid may be drawn or sucked out of. the nozzles in sprayedgor'atomized-;condition by the passageoff the air 'across or-'over their exposed ends va's the -engine drawsf the' air bers hereafter described.. l'The fuel 'pipe is provided wlth a removable plugl to allow i Application filed December 23,

being hadA therein to the.

'the inlet manifold f or hich lowerl portion of..

;shown 'in elevation in .associated carbureting' lcham- 1- Specifieation of Letters. Patent. i i lN`() V .'3i0, 1915;

accessto the ilozzles which -are remo'vably carbureter connected `:to the bottom of'lthe leasing by any suitable means,'-such as by the 'screw connection shown.` Thecasing of the ca'rbureterlv s lsomewhat irregular'in contour,"and` in the present embodimen't of my straight rearwall 15 havingan air'portl,

side or endwalls 18,` vand a topplate 19 provided .with a'n outlet ordischarge port 20 byV which theRV explosionmixturepasses into cylinders of thev engine. The casing forms' theVV air-intake chamber of th carbureterlandfthe airsupplied to lit is haust gases lof the'engine'as 'by connecting the port 16 to ajjacketsurrounding the exhaust ma ifoldinla rnanner now well understood in the art. i

i A series off carburetingfchambers are ar-' ranged in'the casingeachcha'rnber having communicationat'one endwith'the air supplyvand at its other end with thevo'utlet or discharge port, and also receiving. the discharge end of onefof. the spray noz'zles.

YiUNITTE'D .STATES OFFICE- r prefei'ably heated by :the ex- `i1i`vent1onv comprises a curved bodyl 14, a

These chambers are Vpreferably provided b v suitable-tubes or plpes 21 which maybe of any suitable size andvhshape a'ndare supv ported in spacedv relation across the interior i of the casing by any suitable means Such as 1 the transverse vshelf v22 extending'V across the i he interior of-the. casing and provided with Spacing partitions 23 mately the'-.1'ower line. ofithe. air port as shown ing-Figi 5i I .In th'e preferred form of construction each tube is ibentv to the form Figz'withits bend w lying m the correspondingly curved bottoml the :level of the 14 'of 'the casing whereone of. the spraying nozzles 12 entersjlts bend: to' (-:oinmunicate` of -the shelf 22. The legs 24 pass between purpose of heating them.f The space above. the p'artitions and shelf 22 inclosed by the .walls of thecasing forms a hot air chamber with which the open ends of the legs 25 communicate.. The entrance of the air to thev .legs 25 forming'the air inlets of the carbuvalve h26 arrangedto allow a uniform volume the 'spacing partitions 323 so' that they are spaced apart "to allow the air from port16 to pass or circulate between them for the retingcham'bers or tubes isA controlledby a of, airtojenter the tube, thoughof course this .Volume may be v'arled to each tube'by 'more or less opening the'valve, which in the present form consists' ofl a plate slidably .mounted in a bearing 27 onthe casing and having an Operating stem 28, the valveb'eing 20are` Controlled by a throttle Valve which 'in' the present form. 'consists of a plate 29 'slidably mounted in ways in the elongated top plate 19 of the casing to move laterally 'across the outlets of the' tubes,- and-having lan operating-stem- 30,. it being understood thatboth 'valves'26' and 29 arev operated by -the operator or .chaufi'eur from his seat by any: suitable, connections not shown. The

`throttle valve 29' moves' 'laterallyjacross the,

`Vloutlets'so thatl it may'more or less open the Vremote or farther tube 24' '(as at the left handof Figi; 3) and also successively lcut in or cut outthe other tubes so that one or any number of the tubes may be utili'ze'd to supply thewexplosive fuel to theengine. It is therefore possible to partly or Wholly open one of the tubes, orto Open all of them. In

order tojenable 'the'throttle valve to' act quickly upon the carbureting tubes or chambers, the upper iends of the legs 24 are pref- 'erably 'brought I into juXta-position' by suitably deflecting them all toward a common central 'point -asfclearly shown inFig. 3, whereby the throttle valve may control all of them whilepassing through the minimum stroke or travel.

The air, preferably heated by the .engine exhaust, contacts with andso heats the upper legs of the'carbureting tubesorzchamv bers as it is drawn in by the suction of' the intake' strokes of the engine pistons, and thenenters in equal volumes ito the lower legs of the carbureting chambersi and -asitpasses over the open ends 'of tie nozzles draws the ga'solene. into it i'n spraed or atomized form to mix With it to form the explosive fuel which then is drawnthrough ,same air supply in any position of theair valve 26, the' qualityor richness of the mig:- ture Will be-'uniform in. each Chamber in operation, and lby adjusting the throttle Valve 29 to open the outletofone chamber -more cr leM or to open any desired number of chambers, the. quantity or supply of explosive mixture of uniform quality or richness may be regulatedlor varied 'according to the requirements of speed or load of the engine. By my invention ythe air supply to the yseveral chambers is Controlled by asingle 'valve so'that when the volume of a'ifr is changed in one it is uniform fin all, and-the fuel supply is controlled'by a single throtf i tle valvevso that a variable'supply of uniform vmixture` is available for different speeds and loads.` Economy 'of fuel is assured as'only the requ'ired'amount of gasolene to make fa perfect lmixture is: a'bsorbed' under variousspeeds and load's, it of course being obvious that when the throttle valve closes any'chamber the latter cea'ses tov function as the air is not then drawn through it to' displace. the gasolene from the bore of its spraying nozzle.. [Greater flexibility of vthe motor is provided as at any volume of fuel required, as by' opening one or more of the legs 24, the proportions of'air and gasolene are uniform inall the Operating chambers and the fuel'is thoroughlv'vaporized by the heat of the legs 24; while I prefer to space the chambersjapart and pass the air between theirlegs 24 inorder toheat them,

IOI

they'may be otherwise 'disposed andthe air y ,(either lheat'ed or not) lpassed directly to them.

In practice- I prefer to restrict thefcrosssectional areavof each tube ator near the point where its spray nozzle feeds the gasolene, as shown for example in Figs.1 and 6, as this formation produces a more complete 'atomization orvaporization of the gasolene 'by the increased Velocity of'air drawn through the restricted passage at the nozzle by the engine suction, so that .if the throttle valve is set even for' only a fraction or part of one of the legs 24 the gasolene is' thoroughly atomized or vaporized.. Also, my invention obv'iatesall back pressure by eliminatlng the Springs or weights usually employed to control the air intakes, and which create the back pressure that causes 'a slight hesitancy of the motorand impairs its flexibility and power. Furthermore, my invention obviates the defects arising in other carbureters which draw in a certain amount of fuel after'closing-the throttle so'that'a quantlty of liquid remains suspended in the airland drops 'bacl: into the air chamber, with the result 'that When the throttle 1s out afl'ectingfits .quality so that itfis not enmeans adapted to maintain the liquid there-` -rched beyond the lnormal mixture.

While I prefer to. make the chambers of uniform capacity and the nozzles of uniform supply, I may vary these features, as for example by increasing or varylng the capacity of one or more of the chambers and associated nozles so that an inereased quantity of fuel Would be furnished to the engine by such larger chamber; thiswould preferably be done by arranging th'e parts so that the larger chambers Would be opened by the throttle after one or moreof the others.

The number of carbureting chambers or tubes may be Varied depending on the desired size of the throttle area, as also may their'form and shape, and the form and arrangement' of the valves may-also be varied. The supply of gasolene orl other liquid to the spraying nozzle may be by any suitable in-at any point where it may be drawn into the mixing tubes by the suction of the air,

and the details of other parts may be.

changed.

vI claimz;

' 1. In a carbureter for internal combustion engines, a casing forming an air-intake chamber having an air supply,a series of independent carbureting tubes in the casing, each 'tube being reversely bent and having an 'inlet leg communicating with the air chamber and a discharge leg opening toward the engine, a liquid supplying nozzle in each tube intermediate its ends, a valve to uniformly vary the supply of air to the inlet legs, and a throttle valve to succes'sively 2. In a carbureter for internal combustionfengines, a casing forming an air-lntake chamber having an air supply, a series of independent carbureting tubes in the casing, eachtube belng reversely bent and having an -inlet leg communicating With the air chamberand a-n Outlet legopeningtoward the engine, a liquid supplying nozzle in each tube intermediate its ends, the inlet legs of the tubes being arranged 'side by side, a transversely. movable valve to es'tablish a uniform supply ofair .in the tubes, the outlets of the ltubes being arranged side by side, and a throttle Valve movable la-terally along the outlets to successively open them.

3. In a carbureter for internal 'combustion engines, a casing forming an. air-intake Chamber havingan air supply, a series of independcnt U-shaped carbureting tubes in the casing each communicating at one end vvith the air chamber and discharging at its other end toward the engines, a liquid supplylng nozzle in each 'tube intermediate its ends, the respective ends of the tubes being arranged v'in banks,.a valve to uniformly control the inlets ofthe tubes, and a throttle-valve to successively open their chamber outlets.

4. In a carbureter for internal combustion engines, a casing having an air supply chamber, a series of independent carburetmg tubes spaced'apart in the Chamber' and having legs of unequal lengths, the short leg of each communicating with the air Chamber and the long leg passing through the air Chamber and discharging toward the engine, a liquid supplying nozzle in each tube'intermediate its ends, the tubes being di'sposed side by side with their ends in banks, a valve to uniformly openv the inlets in the short legs, and a throttle valve to successively open the outlets of the long legs.

5. In a carbureter for internal combustion engines, a casing forming an air-intake Chamber having an air supply port, a series of independent carbureting tubes in the Chamber having inlet and outletlegs, the inlet legs comniunicating with the air chamber and the outlet legs spaced apart and exte-nding past ,the air port, a liquid supplying nozzle in each tube intermediate its ends, a valve to uniformly vary the supply of air to the inlet legs, and a throttle valve to successively open the outlet legs.

6. In a carbureter for internal combustion engines, a casing forming an air chamber having a supply port, a shelf yin the casing, a series of independent carbureting tubes spaced along the shelf and each communicating at one end with the air chamber and extending past the air port to allow the air tocontact therewith andidischarging at its other end toward the engine, a liquid supplying nozzle in each tube intermediate its ends, a valve inthe air Chamber to vary the supply of air to the tubes, and a. throttle valve to successively open the outlets of the tubes, p

,7. In a carbureter for internal combustion engines, a casing forming an air chamber havmg a supply port, a shelf in the chamber, a series of independent carbureting tubes arranged in spaced relation along the shelf, each tube having a bent portion below the shelf and a long and short leg, the short leg of each'tube communicating with the air chamber and its long leg' extending past the air port and discharging towai'd the engine, a liquid supplying no-zzle in the bent portlon of each tube, a valve'in the chamber to vary the supply of air to the alms, f

In a "Pfhureter for internal nawhus- 

